Serving the Numerical Simulation community since 1989 
The Demarcation Problem in the Engineering Sciences
In engineering sciences, we classify mathematical models as ‘proper’ or ‘improper’ rather than ‘scientific’ or ‘pseudoscientific’. A model is said to be proper if it is consistent with the relevant mathematical theorems that guarantee the existence and, when applicable, the uniqueness of the exact solution. Otherwise, the model is improper. At present, the large majority of models used in engineering practice are improper. Following are examples of frequently occurring types of error, with brief explanations.
